It is often impractical for devices to be directly connected for two major reasons:
o The devices are very far apart. They are expensive to connect just two devices
with one in Lahore and other in Islamabad
o Large set of devices would need impractical number of connections e .g.
Telephone Lines in the world and all the computers owned by a single organization
Solution to the Problem=Networks
o Solution is to connect all devices to a central system known as a NETWORK in which all terminals or computers share the links.
o Two Main Classifications of the Networks
DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING
o Instead of a single large machine being responsible for all aspects of a process , each separate computer handles a subset of the task
9 Example – Project Given as a part of the Course
9 Example – Office Work
Advantages of Distributed Processing
™ Security
A system designer can limit the kind of interaction that a given user can have with the entire system.
For example : Bank’s ATM
™ Distributed Data bases
No one system need to provide storage capacity for the entire database
9 For example WWW gives user access to pages stored anywhere on Internet
™ Faster Problem Solving
Multiple computers working on a problem can solve a problem faster than a computer working alone
™ Security through Redundancy
Multiple computers running the same program provide security through redundancy If one computer hardware breaks down then others cover up.
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